洗車機懸浮控制參數對磁浮車輛與道岔梁耦合振動的影響分析

（1.中鐵第一勘察設計院集團有限公司，陜西 西安 710043；2.西南交通大學 牽引動力國家重點實驗室，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：建立了包含PID懸浮控制系統的兩節編組磁浮列車動力學模型和細致的道岔梁有限元模型，仿真分析了不同懸浮控制參數條件下磁浮列車以30 km/h通過道岔梁時的動力學響應。仿真結果表明，間隙反饋系數取值偏小時，電磁鐵懸浮間隙的波動幅值較大，不利于行車安全；增大間隙反饋系數，電磁懸浮系統的特征頻率逐漸接近道岔梁的一階垂彎模態頻率，導致車岔耦合振動更強烈。間隙速度反饋系數取值較小時，電磁懸浮系統的阻尼偏小，車體振動加速度較大；間隙速度反饋系數取值偏大時，微分環節超前調節作用過強，車岔耦合振動劇烈。為緩解磁浮車輛與道岔梁的耦合振動，建議間隙反饋系數在7000～8000之間選取，速度反饋系數在45～60之間選取。
關鍵詞：洗車機；磁浮列車；道岔；反饋控制；耦合振動；數值仿真
中圖分類號：U237；U441+.3    文獻標志碼：A            doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2022.02.006
文章編號：1006-0316 (2022) 02-0038-09
Influence of Levitation Control Parameters on Coupled Vibration Between Maglev Vehicles and Switch Girder
YANG Zhinan1，FENG Yang2，LIU Dongsheng2，ZHAO Chunfa2
( 1.China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710043, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：In this paper, a dynamic model of two-car maglev trainset is built considering the PID levitation control system, meanwhile, a detailed finite element model of the switch girder is also established. Then, they are used to calculate dynamic response of maglev train with different levitation control parameters whenit passes through the switch girder at a speed of 30km/h. The simulated results show that the levitation airgap fluctuation become larger when the airgap feedback coefficient is small, which is unfavorable for train ride safety. With the increase of airgap feedback coefficient, the characteristic frequency of electromagnetic levitation system gradually approaches the first-order vertical bending modal frequency of the switch girder, which leads to stronger coupled vibration. When the airgap velocity feedback coefficient is small, the damping of electromagnetic levitation system is small, so the vibration acceleration of carbody become larger. If the airgap velocity feedback coefficient is quite large, the coupled vibration is violent due totoo strong lead compensation effect. In order to alleviate the coupled vibration between maglev vehicles and the switch girder, it is suggested to select the airgap feedback coefficient between 7000 and 8000 and the airgap velocity feedback coefficient between 45 and 60.
Key words：maglev train；switch；feedback control；coupled vibration；numerical simulation
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收稿日期：2021-07-09
基金項目：中鐵第一勘察設計院集團有限公司課題：磁浮道岔優化創新及選型研究（院科18-05）；國家重點研發計劃課題子任務：高速磁浮車輛動力學性能匹配設計理論與技術（2016YFB1200602-15）